We are... So, to reframe the inquiry: who are we on a metaphysical level? Which aspects of ourselves are the most universally representative of who we are? How do we fare in the face of the passage of time? For decades, philosophers have debated the concept of diachronic personal identity, which focuses on the question of what keeps us alive. An intricate debate has developed between those who hold the body view (animalism) and those who hold the psychological view (memory) on the question of who we are. The two groups will eventually become so firmly set in their views that they will be unable to compromise. Hylomorphic animalism, or the view that Humans are rational animals, living bodies made of prime matter and a rational soul, is an alternative answer to this divisive question that I propose in this study, following in the footsteps of Aristotle and Aquinas. We only survive if matter and rational souls do.

Background: Ameloblastoma an odontogenic tumor of ectodermal origin has been reported to arise, on rare occasions, in a primordial or dentigerous cyst of a young person. Numerous authors have suggested differing nomenclatures for these ameloblastomas and have sought to describe and classify the clinical and histopathologic features. These tumors have been characterized as a distinct variant exhibiting less aggressive behavior and a lower rate of recurrence than conventional ameloblastoma.Aims: This study was designed to look at the Human papilloma virus as a caurse for Ameloblastoma.Materials and Methods: Samples of Ameloblastoma tumors were traced from the filing system in path lab Beheshti Dental School. Using PCR technique a search was carried out to dated HPV in DNA of samples.Results: There was a clear relationship between the rates of HPV in Ameloblastoma cases.Conclusion: HPV could be a preparing factor for Ameloblastoma.

The performance of Human resources is affected by various factors such as mental and physical fatigue, skill, and available time in the production systems. Generally, these mentioned factors have effects on Human reliability and consequently change the reliability of production systems. fatigue is a stochastic factor that changes according to other factors such as environmental conditions, work type, and work duration. Many models have been proposed to quantify fatigue in order to control its effect on reliability, but most of them considered the fatigue as a deterministic variable, while this factor is uncertain. In this paper, we propose a stochastic model for Human fatigue with the aim of increasing the reliability. Considering the fatigue uncertainty, we use Chance Constraint (CC), and some methods are used to convert the model into the deterministic one. In the proposed model we consider the reliability of machines and the fatigue of Human as two important factors in the production systems' reliability. The proposed model has been applied to a real case and the provided results show that production system reliability can be calculated more effectively using the proposed model.

Purpose: The purpose of this applied research is to study the effectiveness of gamification on corporate training.  Methodology: A gamified course was designed and implemented to train the location of Fire Hosing Cabinet for 24 employees of a firefighting maintenance company in Iran Mall shopping Center in Tehran. Using a quantitative quasi-experimental research plan (post-test only control group design) the participants of the study were randomly assigned to treatment (12) and control (12) groups and trained for a week.  Conclusion: The descriptive and interpretive result of the posttest analyses indicated the effectiveness of gamification of the training performed for the employees of the firefighting maintenance company in Iran Mall shopping Center in Tehran. Moreover, the descriptive result of Gamification Acceptance Questionnaire answered by the members of the experimental group after gamified training indicated that all the participants in the experimental group were satisfied with the gamified training course.

Background: Transformation and differentiation of activated B-cell to plasmacells and also memory cells depend on signaling from B-cell receptors. The signals from antigen and cytokine receptors on the surface of B cells lead to induce the expression of specific transcription factors, which finally determine the fate of B cells.Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated via ficoll gradient and then purified B cells were separated using magnetic-activated cell sorting (MACS). Pure B cells were cultured in Roswell Park Memorial Institute 1640 (RPMI1640) culture media at the presence of purified anti-Human CD40 antibody and anti-immunoglobulin M f (ab) ´2 or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and anti-Human CD40 antibody that induced B-cells differentiation to plasmablasts which was assessed with 3 markers (CD38+, CD27+, IgM-) and analyzed via flow cytometry. Findings: In stimulation of B cells with purified anti-Human CD40 antibody and anti-IgM f (ab) ´2 or LPS through cross-linking B-cell receptor, the majority of B cells remained alive and differentiated to another lineage of B cells (plasmablast: CD38+, CD27+, IgM-). There was no significant statistical difference between expressions of plasmablast markers in two states of stimulation.Conclusion: B cells can be stimulated and differentiated to plasmablasts in vitro similar to in vivo condition. However, to achieve the best outcome in the differentiation of B cells, we should consider the nature of stimulator, the time of incubation, and the type of stimulators.

One of the factors that can be the link between our intentions and actions and their external consequences is Human agency, which indicates the conscious design and intentional execution of actions by the individual in order to influence future events.Objective and Method: This research with a developmental approach of psychometric method and method 1, examines the psychometric indices of the Human Factor Characteristics Scale using the classical theory of test score measurement and the graduated question-answer theory. The purpose of this study, which included high school students in Tehran, was selected by cluster sampling of 500 people as a sample size and statistical analysis was performed on 481 data. To collect the data, the ion Human Agent Characteristics Scale (2011) was used and the research questions were evaluated using IRTPRO and SPSS software.Results:The assumption of local independence based on Pearson x2 index was established by applying Simjima's calibrated question-answer theory and the assumption of being one-dimensional based on the analysis of multidimensional question-answer theory. Diagnosis parameters with question-answer approach and classical approach Test score Both item 25 approach had the lowest and item 2 had the highest diagnosis parameter. The answer thresholds for all the questions were so far apart that no option was covered by the other option, and the options were independently selected by individuals at intervals of theta. The total scale was calculated with Cronbach's alpha of 0.945, intentionality of 0.894, foresight of 0.780, self-reactivity of 0.871 and rethinking of 0.762. Also, the role of each item in internal consistency was investigated by the loop method, which all questions had a favorable role in internal consistency of this scale. The value of the validity coefficient obtained from the question-answer theory was obtained by marginal method for intentionality 0.92, forethought 0.85, self-reaction 0.91, rethinking 0.83..